
Welcome to Maths
Contest 2003.
Here is problem
from Biecz:
Dwaj gracze na
przemian podają coraz większe liczby naturalne. Rozpoczynający podaje liczbę
2. Każda następna liczba musi być większa od poprzedniej ale jednocześnie
mniejsza od dwukrotności tej liczby. Wygrywa ten kto poda liczbę 2003.
Opracuj strategię zapewniającą wygraną w tej grze.
And here is
English version of our task:
In a game, two people
must alternately say natural numbers.
The first number must
be 2. Every following number must be bigger than the previous one,
but also less than double that of the previous number.
Example:
-A says 2
-B says 3 (in
this step only the number 3 works because only 3>2 and 3<2*2)
-A says 4 or 5
(only 4 and 5 are bigger than 3 but less than 2*3)
-if A said 4 B may
say 5,6 or 7
if A said 5 B
may say 6,7,8 or 9
-etc.
The winner of the
game is the one who will say 2003.
The question is:
"What is a strategy to produce a win, when playing this game?"
The solution
- from Rendsburg:
The strategy to win is to let the other player begin the game so that you can
say the following numbers:3,7,15,31,62,125,250,500,1001,2003.You have to hope
that the other player doesn't know the strategy because otherwise he won't agree
to start the game. --
Diese Email wurde mit mail@box.de versendet.
- from Montargis:
Réponse de Cécile PERRIN
. Seconde 4. Lycée « en forêt » MONTARGIS
Le premier joueur débute par
le nombre 2
Le joueur n°2 n’a pas le
choix et dit 3
Le but est en fait d’empêcher
le joueur n°1 de dire 1001, sinon le joueur n°2 aura perdu.
Pour empêcher le joueur
n° 1 de dire 1001, le joueur n°2 devra dire 500
Pour empêcher le joueur
n°1 de dire 500, le joueur n°2 devra dire 125
Pour empêcher le joueur
n01 de dire 125, le joueur n°2 devra dire 62
Pour empêcher le joueur
n01 de dire 62, le joueur n°2 devra dire 31
Pour empêcher le joueur
n01 de dire 31, le joueur n°2 devra dire 15
Pour empêcher le joueur
n01 de dire 15, le joueur n°2 devra dire 7
Pour empêcher le joueur
n01 de dire 7, le joueur n°2 devra dire 3
Donc la stratégie qui
garantit la victoire pour le joueur n°2 est de dire :
3, 7, 15, 31, 62, 125,
250, 500, 1001 et 2003
-
and from Lancaster:
To win you need 2003.
Therefore, on your previous turn, if you can
say 1001 then you opponent cannot prevent you from winning.
Therefore, on your previous turn, if you
can say 500 then you opponent cannot prevent you from winning.
Therefore, on your previous turn, if you
can say 250 then you opponent cannot prevent you from winning.
Therefore, on your previous turn, if
you can say 125 then you opponent cannot prevent you from winning.
Therefore, on your previous turn, if
you can say 62 then you opponent cannot prevent you from winning.
Therefore, on your previous turn,
if you can say 31 then you opponent cannot prevent you from
winning.
Therefore, on your previous turn,
if you can say 15 then you opponent cannot prevent you from
winning.
Therefore, on your previous
turn, if you can say 7 then you opponent cannot prevent you
from winning.
Therefore, on your previous
turn, if you can say 3 then you opponent cannot prevent
you from winning.
Therefore, the second player, if
he or shee knows what is going on, can always force a win by
calling the numbers 3, 7, 15, 31, 62, 125, 250, 500, 1001 and
2003. the opponent van never produce a valid number which
makes it impossible for the second player to say the next
number in the winning sequence.
Congratulations!
Thanks for your
cooperation.